丝瓜视频污版属可再生能源，主要含甲烷（40% - 70%）、二氧化碳（15% - 60%）及少量硫化氢等杂质。提纯后可得高纯度生物甲烷（CH₄＞97%，CO₂＜3%），具清洁、高效等特性，在车用能源、化工等领域应用广，利于改善能源结构、缓解能源危机及减少污染。主流提纯技术有吸收法、变压吸附法、低温冷凝法与膜分离法。​

Biogas is a renewable energy source, mainly containing methane (40% -70%), carbon dioxide (15% -60%), and a small amount of impurities such as hydrogen sulfide. After purification, high-purity biomethane (CH ₄>97%, CO ₂<3%) can be obtained, which has the characteristics of cleanliness and high efficiency. It is widely used in automotive energy, chemical industry and other fields, which is conducive to improving energy structure, alleviating energy crisis and reducing pollution. The mainstream purification technologies include absorption, pressure swing adsorption, low-temperature condensation, and membrane separation. ​

吸收法：分物理、化学吸收。​

Absorption method: divided into physical and chemical absorption. ​

压力水洗技术：利用 CO₂在水中溶解度远超 CH₄（约 25 倍），在高压低温下脱除丝瓜视频污版中 CO₂。如二段式吸收塔，能提升 CO₂吸收效果，降低吸收液用量。该技术以水为吸收剂，成本低、环保，工艺稳定，提纯后甲烷含量可达 97%，能满足车用压缩天然气要求。​

Pressure water washing technology: Utilizing the solubility of CO ₂ in water far exceeding that of CH ₄ (about 25 times), CO ₂ is removed from biogas under high pressure and low temperature. Like a two-stage absorption tower, it can improve the absorption efficiency of CO ₂ and reduce the amount of absorption liquid used. This technology uses water as an absorbent, with low cost, environmental friendliness, and stable process. After purification, the methane content can reach 97%, which can meet the requirements of compressed natural gas for vehicles. ​

有机胺吸收技术：借助有机胺溶液与二氧化碳的物理化学吸收特性提纯。在吸收塔加压常温时，有机胺溶液吸收二氧化碳脱碳提纯甲烷；吸收富液在再生塔减压加热时逆向解析，释放高纯度二氧化碳并再生，实现连续脱碳与吸收液循环。此技术吸收效果好，但吸收剂再生能耗高，对装备防腐要求高。​

Organic amine absorption technology: Purification by utilizing the physical and chemical absorption characteristics of organic amine solutions and carbon dioxide. When the absorption tower is pressurized at room temperature, the organic amine solution absorbs carbon dioxide for decarbonization and purification of methane; During the depressurization heating of the regeneration tower, the rich solution is reverse analyzed to release high-purity carbon dioxide and regenerate it, achieving continuous decarbonization and absorption liquid circulation. This technology has good absorption effect, but the regeneration energy consumption of the absorbent is high, and it requires high equipment anti-corrosion requirements. ​

变压吸附法：利用吸附剂（如分子筛）对二氧化碳的选择性吸附，在加压时二氧化碳被吸附在塔内，甲烷等弱吸附气体排出；吸附饱和后减压或抽真空释放二氧化碳。至少需两个吸附塔以保证连续处理。该技术提纯效率较高，但投资、操作费用高，CH₄损失大。​

Pressure swing adsorption method: using adsorbents (such as molecular sieves) for selective adsorption of carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is adsorbed in the tower under pressure, and weakly adsorbed gases such as methane are discharged; Release carbon dioxide by depressurizing or vacuuming after adsorption saturation. At least two adsorption towers are required to ensure continuous processing. This technology has a high purification efficiency, but it incurs high investment and operating costs, resulting in significant CH ₄ losses. ​

低温冷凝法：因二氧化碳液化温度高，经低温使其液化，甲烷作为不凝气排出。常采用回热技术回收冷量。不过，因技术成熟度与经济性问题，目前在丝瓜视频污版提纯工程中应用少，其运行能耗高、设备投资大，操作条件苛刻。​

Low temperature condensation method: Due to the high liquefaction temperature of carbon dioxide, it is liquefied at low temperature, and methane is discharged as non condensable gas. Regenerative technology is often used to recover cooling capacity. However, due to technological maturity and economic issues, it is currently rarely used in biogas purification projects, with high operating energy consumption, large equipment investment, and harsh operating conditions. ​

膜分离法：基于不同气体组分在压力下通过膜的渗透性差异提纯，CO₂渗透快为透过气排出，CH₄渗透慢以透余气获提纯产品气，工程中常采用多级膜分离工艺。​

Membrane separation method: Purification is based on the differential permeability of different gas components through the membrane under pressure. CO ₂ permeates quickly as the permeate gas is discharged, while CH ₄ permeates slowly as the permeate gas to obtain purified product gas. Multi stage membrane separation process is commonly used in engineering. ​

优势：膜分离无化学反应与相变，能耗低，适合中小规模丝瓜视频污版提纯，运行成本低于传统方法。系统模块化，可依处理量调整膜组件数量，占地小，易安装扩容。无移动部件，自动化程度高，稳定性强，维护成本低，无化学试剂消耗，不产生二次污染，可回收低纯度 CO₂，系统启停快，适合间歇性项目。​

Advantages: Membrane separation has no chemical reactions or phase changes, low energy consumption, suitable for small and medium-sized biogas purification, and lower operating costs than traditional methods. The system is modular, and the number of membrane components can be adjusted according to the processing capacity. It occupies a small area and is easy to install and expand. No moving parts, high degree of automation, strong stability, low maintenance cost, no chemical reagent consumption, no secondary pollution, can recover low purity CO ₂, fast system start stop, suitable for intermittent projects. ​

局限：高性能膜多依赖进口，成本高，初期投资大。膜易污染、老化，需定期更换，长期成本增加。H₂S、水蒸气等杂质会影响膜性能，需预处理，颗粒物易堵塞膜孔，需严格过滤。单级膜分离甲烷回收率低，需多级串联或与其他技术结合提高回收率，且难直接达高纯度，可能需二次提纯，CO₂渗透侧甲烷残留处理复杂。​

Limitations: High performance membranes rely heavily on imports, have high costs, and require significant initial investment. The membrane is prone to contamination and aging, requiring regular replacement, which increases long-term costs. Impurities such as H ₂ S and water vapor can affect membrane performance and require pretreatment. Particulate matter can easily clog membrane pores and requires strict filtration. The single-stage membrane separation of methane has a low recovery rate and requires multi-stage series connection or combination with other technologies to improve the recovery rate. It is also difficult to directly achieve high purity and may require secondary purification. The residual treatment of methane on the CO ₂ permeation side is complex. ​

总之，不同丝瓜视频污版提纯工艺各有优劣。实际应用中，要综合原料丝瓜视频污版成分、规模、投资预算、产品纯度要求、运行成本及维护管理等因素，选择最适宜技术，实现丝瓜视频污版高效、经济利用。如中小规模且对能耗敏感、原料气杂质少的项目，膜分离法较合适；大规模、对产品纯度要求极高的项目，可能需多种技术联用

In short, different biogas purification processes have their own advantages and disadvantages. In practical applications, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the composition, scale, investment budget, product purity requirements, operating costs, and maintenance management of raw biogas, and select the most suitable technology to achieve efficient and economical utilization of biogas. For small and medium-sized projects that are sensitive to energy consumption and have low impurities in the feed gas, membrane separation is more suitable; Large scale projects with extremely high requirements for product purity may require the combination of multiple technologies

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